The article characterizes the role of operational safety in manufacturing enterprises, defined as the ability to carry out processes in an uninterrupted manner and at an acceptable level of risk. Particular attention is paid to the need for early identification and elimination of the causes of errors under conditions of increasing complexity of technical systems and tightening quality requirements. The aim of the article is to present the possibilities of applying the FMEA method to identify potential nonconformities in manufacturing processes and to assess their impact on the operational safety of the enterprise. Theoretical foundations of the method are discussed, as well as the method of determining the Risk Priority Number (RPN) and its use for the prioritization of corrective and preventive actions. In the case study, using the example of a bicycle manufacturer, key nonconformities in the production processes of frames, wheels and handlebars were identified, and their effects and causes were determined. On this basis, critical activities were indicated and improvement actions were proposed, aimed at reducing risk, increasing the detectability of errors and limiting the effects of disruptions, thereby emphasizing the importance of FMEA as a tool supporting operational safety.